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间质性膀胱炎由Hunner在1914年首先提出,该病无尿常规改变和上尿路异常,但有剧烈的膀胱刺激症状和膀胱壁的溃疡性病变,呈现病变部位广泛间质组织的非特异性慢性炎症。依组织病变的进展程度,临床症状出现种种变化,组织改变也因病期不同而出现差异,但始终为慢性炎症改变。其特征为粘膜水肿、出血、纤维化,特别是存在嗜酸细胞和肥大细胞浸润。病变原因有变态反应、自身免疫、感染、循环障碍、神经等多种学说,但多数病例原因不明,对于难治的剧烈症状,希望能找出对策。
Interstitial cystitis was first proposed by Hunner in 1914. It had no common urinary tract changes and upper urinary tract abnormalities but severe bladder irritation and ulcerative lesions of the bladder wall and showed extensive non-specific interstitial tissue lesions Chronic inflammation. Depending on the degree of progression of the tissue lesion, there are various changes in the clinical symptoms, and the tissue changes also vary due to the different stages of disease, but they are always chronic inflammatory changes. It is characterized by mucosal edema, hemorrhage, fibrosis, especially the presence of eosinophils and mast cell infiltration. The causes of the disease are allergic reactions, autoimmunity, infections, circulatory disorders, nerves and other theories. However, most of the cases have unknown causes and severe intractable symptoms are hoped for.