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杂种优势利用是农业生产有效的增产途径之一。查明杂种与其亲本的遗传关系,进行杂种优势预测,对选配杂种的亲本组合和培育生活力强、具有优良的经济性状的强优势杂种有一定意义。长期以来,杂种优势的预测一般都采用与产量有关的数量性状统计方法,随着科学技术的发展,杂种优势预测开始从数量性状的统计深入到了细胞学和生物化学领域。鉴于同工酶是基因转录和翻译的直接产物,是与基因距离最短的一种表现型,因此把同工酶的研究看作是研究基因活动的一种有效手段。1960年,Schwartz首先利用淀粉凝胶电泳技术研究玉米自交系杂种的酯酶同工酶,并发现杂
Heterosis utilization is one of the effective ways to increase production in agricultural production. Identifying the genetic relationship between hybrids and their parents, predicting the heterosis, having some significance to the parental combinations of matching hybrids and cultivating strong heterosis with strong economic traits and strong viability. For a long time, the forecast of heterosis usually adopts the quantitative trait statistics method related to yield. With the development of science and technology, the prediction of heterosis begins to go deep into cytology and biochemistry field from the statistics of quantitative traits. Because isozymes are the direct product of gene transcription and translation and are the shortest distance between genes, isozymes research is considered as an effective means to study gene activity. In 1960, Schwartz first used starch gel electrophoresis to study the esterase isozymes of maize inbred lines hybrids, and found that miscellaneous