目的:探讨儿童肘关节后外侧脱位的诊治方案选择及疗效分析。方法:回顾性分析2018年4月至2021年4月四川省骨科医院儿童骨科诊断并治疗的19例肘关节后外侧脱位患儿资料。男12例，女7例；年龄7~14岁，平均10.9岁。合并伤：肱骨内上髁撕脱骨折11例，肱骨外上髁撕脱骨折5例，肱骨小头撕脱骨折3例，尺骨冠状突骨折4例。治疗方案选择：评估肘关节稳定性后，稳定的肘关节采用非手术治疗；合并骨折且为不稳定肘关节均采用切开复位内固定治疗。所有患儿治疗后伤肢均屈肘90°前臂旋前位固定4~6周。末次随访时采用Mayo肘关节功能评分（MEPS）评定疗效。结果:4例患儿采用非手术治疗；15例患儿采用手术治疗：肱骨内上髁骨折均采用切开复位克氏针+空心螺钉内固定治疗；合并肱骨外上髁或肱骨小头撕脱骨折采用克氏针张力带或可吸收锚钉缝合固定处理，3例冠状突骨折给予钢板内固定处理，1例冠状突骨折未予内固定处理。所有患儿治疗后获6~30个月（平均13.3个月）随访。末次随访时患儿骨折均获愈合，无异位骨化，肘关节解剖关系良好，无再次肘关节脱位及肘关节不稳表现；末次随访时MEPS评分75~100分，平均93.2分。结论:重建肘关节稳定性为儿童肘关节后外侧脱位的治疗关键。儿童肘关节后外侧旋转脱位肘关节稳定，建议行非手术治疗；肘关节不稳定建议手术治疗，术后患儿功能恢复良好，疗效显著。“,”Objective:To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of posterolateral elbow dislocation in children.Methods:A total of 19 children with posterolateral elbow dislocation were diagnosed and treated at Department of Children\'s Orthopedics, Sichuan Orthopedic Hospital from April 2018 to April 2021. They were 12 boys and 7 girls, aged from 7 to 14 years (average, 10.9 years). Internal epicondyle avulsion fracture of the humerus was complicated in 11 cases, external epicondyle avulsion fracture of the humerus in 5 cases, capitulum avulsion fracture of the humerus in 3 cases, and fracture of the ulna coronoid process in 4 cases. After evaluation of the elbow stability, stable elbows were treated nonsurgically while the unstable ones complicated with fracture were treated with open reduction and internal fixation. After treatment, the injured limbs were fixated with elbow flexion 90° in forearm pronation position for 4 to 6 weeks.Results:In this group, 4 children received nonsurgical treatment and 15 ones were treated surgically. Internal epicondyle fractures of the humerus were treated by open reduction and internal fixation with Kirschner wire and hollow screws, and external epicondyle avulsion fractures or capitulum avulsion fractures of the humerus by suture fixation with Kirschner wire tension band or absorbable anchors. Three coronal process fractures were treated with plate internal fixation but one coronal process fracture was not treated with internal fixation. All the children were followed up for 6 to 30 months (average, 13.3 months). The last follow-up showed that fractures got united in all children, with no ectopic ossification, fine anatomical relationship of the elbow, and no recurrence of elbow dislocation or instability. The last follow-up showed that the Mayo elbow performance scores (MEPS) ranged from 75 to 100 points, averaging 93.2 points.Conclusions:In the treatment of posterolateral elbow dislocation in children, the key point is to rebuild the stability of the elbow. Non-surgical treatment is recommended for cases of a stable elbow with posterolateral rotation and dislocation while surgical treatment for cases of an unstable elbow because surgery leads to fine functional recovery and efficacy in children.