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通过不同钾水平处理的盆栽试验,采用定位叶片,分析了石灰性土壤上烤烟钾素累积、转移及分配规律,探讨了影响该区烟叶含钾量的主要原因及解决途径。结果表明,烤烟成熟期,根、茎中钾向烟叶中大量转移,烟叶钾的分配率远大于根、茎之和;增施钾肥可减少根、茎钾的转移率,但对各器官中钾的分配比例影响不大。钾素营养不足时,成熟期下部叶片中钾大量向上转移,从而造成下部烟叶含钾量大幅度下降。烤烟生育后期干物质累积速度超过钾吸收速度而引起钾的“稀释效应”,施钾对烟叶含钾量的提高作用在生育后期最为显著。烟叶在成熟期所累积的钾中,约有60%以上分配于上部叶。
Through pot experiments with different potassium levels, the positioning leaf was used to analyze the accumulation, transfer and distribution of potassium in flue-cured tobacco soil, and the main reasons and ways of affecting the potassium content in the tobacco leaf were discussed. The results showed that during the ripening period of flue-cured tobacco, the potassium in roots and stems were largely transferred to tobacco leaves, and the distribution rate of potassium in leaves was much larger than that in roots and stems. However, potassium application could reduce the rate of potassium transfer from roots to stems, The proportion of the distribution has little effect. When potassium is undernourished, a large amount of potassium is transferred upward from the lower leaves of mature stage, resulting in a significant decrease of potassium content in the lower tobacco leaves. The cumulative effect of dry matter accumulation rate in flue-cured tobacco over the period of potassium absorption caused “dilution effect” of potassium, and the effect of potassium on the increase of potassium content in tobacco was the most significant in later growth period. About 60% of the potassium accumulated in the mature leaves of tobacco is distributed in the upper leaves.