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多台阶变厚度蒙皮的绿色制造是当前航空钣金成形中的难点之一,通过填充垫料使得变厚度蒙皮成形转换为等厚度板成形是解决该难题的方案之一。选取某型客机的单曲多台阶蒙皮为研究对象,设计5种试验件,探讨增量压弯工艺中垫料材质、垫料补偿、工艺因素3个方面对成形的影响。试验结果表明:对于选取的零件,采用厚度差为0.1 mm的PA6-G垫料,零件与理论型面之间的间隙小于0.4 mm,即零件成形精度高;只要合理选择垫料、设计合适的垫料尺寸,就可以消除零件厚度差引起的成形差异,进一步获得精度较高的零件;增量压弯工艺对于单曲率变厚度蒙皮制造具备生产可行性。
The multi-step variable thickness skin green manufacturing is one of the difficulties in the current aviation sheet metal forming. It is one of the solutions to solve this problem by converting the variable thickness skinning into the same thickness by filling the gasket. Select a single multi-stage passenger aircraft skin as the object of study, design five kinds of test pieces, to explore incremental press bending process cushion material, padding compensation, process factors affect the forming of three aspects. The test results show that for the selected parts, the thickness of PA6-G padding is 0.1 mm, the gap between the part and the theoretical surface is less than 0.4 mm, that is, the forming precision of the part is high. If the padding is selected reasonably, Litter size, you can eliminate the differences caused by differences in the thickness of the parts forming, and further access to high precision parts; incremental bending process for the single curvature of the thickness of the skin with manufacturing feasibility.