在宋金、宋蒙对峙的形势下,原生活于北方的民众,由于各种原因,陆续南来.他们被统称为归正人。南宋政府对归正人的态度虽然前后有所变化,但总的来说采取了招纳和笼络的政策,除对归正人在经济上作出种种照顾以外,在政治上也有一些优待措施,科举和授官就是其中的两个方面。科举制度发展到宋代,已臻于完备,它既是朝廷选拔官员、笼络士人的主要手段,也是士人入仕的主要渠道。因而,在新的形势下,朝廷调整了科举制度和授官办法,将其应用于对归正人的招纳和笼络上。这一政策的实施,对南宋政府收罗人才并吸引更多的北方民众南下固然起到一定作用,但由于在具体执行过程中处置失当,从而出现种种流弊,教训十分深刻。 Under the confrontation between Song and Song and Mongolias, the people living in the north began to come south one after another for various reasons. Although the attitude of the Southern Song government toward the returned persons changed in some ways, in general it adopted a policy of recruiting and winners. Apart from providing all kinds of financial care to the reformed people, it also has some political preferential treatment. The imperial examination and the grant Officer is one of two aspects. The development of the imperial examination system to the Song Dynasty has reached a completeness. It is not only the main means by which the court selects and appraises officials, but also serves as the main channel for scholars to join the government. Therefore, under the new situation, the court adjusted the system of exams and the method of awarding certificates to apply for reorganization and recruitment. The implementation of this policy certainly played a certain role in recruiting talent from the Southern Song Government and attracting more northern people to go south. However, due to mismanagement in the specific implementation process, various abuses have taken place. The lesson learned is very profound.