“闱姓”乃近代广东较大的一种赌博方式,盛行于满清末年。它以科举考试的考中者的姓氏作为赌博对象,每年所下的赌注达1000余万元。赌局上通官府,下通考生,往往对科试起了左右作用。由于成绩差的考生,一般少人下赌注,赌局便故意提拔差的,出枪手代考,称为“扛鸡”,取无力之鸡,使之“啼鸣”(题名的谐音)之意。成绩优秀的考生,一般下赌注者多,赌局便施以“禁蟹”,取蟹有十足,禁缚后不得伸之意。禁蟹之法有三:一是收买考生临场退试,使猜该姓的赌徒落空;二是收买试场小吏故意把该考生的考卷弄污,使之黜落;三是收买阅卷幕僚,故意压下试卷。 “Surname surname” is a larger form of gambling in modern Guangdong, prevalent in the late Qing Manchu. It takes the examiner’s surname as an object of gambling for examinations, and places more than 10 million yuan of bets each year. Gamble on the government, under the pass candidates, often play a role in the test. As a result of poor performance of the candidates, the general few people bet, gambling will deliberately promote bad, a gunman on behalf of the test, known as “carrying chicken”, take the weak chicken, so that “crowing” (homonym) meaning. Candidates with good grades generally have many bets on gambling. The gamblers will impose a “ban on crabs” and take crabs for full use. There are three ways to ban the crab: First, buy candidates on-the-spot test, so guess the surname gambler fall; second is to buy the test courtesy of the examinee deliberately contaminated the exam, make it fall; third is to buy the screener, deliberately Press the test paper.