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作为四代堆6种候选堆型中唯一的液态燃料反应堆,熔盐堆对未来核能和钍资源利用具有重要意义,特别是熔盐快堆(Molten Salt Fast Reactor,MSFR)还具有较大的增殖比和较好的温度负反馈。由于启动新的熔盐快堆需要较高的燃料装载量,若能改善MSFR的增殖性能,则有利于提高233U产量并缩短燃料倍增时间。首先应用SCALE6.1针对MSFR的径向增殖盐、新增轴向增殖盐和新增石墨反射层这三方面分析了初始增殖比,同时从核素吸收率角度说明增殖比变化的原因和MSFR的设计不足并对其进行了优化;然后应用基于SCALE6.1开发的熔盐堆在线处理模块(Molten Salt Reactor Reprocessing Sequence,MSR-RS)进行燃耗分析。结果表明,新增轴向增殖盐可以进一步提高增殖性能;新增石墨反射层可以节省增殖盐装载量。改进后的堆型运行时增殖比可以维持在1.1以上,233U年产量提高至133 kg,倍增时间缩短至36 a,并且堆芯在整个运行寿期都能保持足够的温度负反馈。
As the only liquid fuel reactor among the six candidate reactor types of the fourth generation, the molten salt reactor is of great significance for the future utilization of nuclear and thorium resources. In particular, the Molten Salt Fast Reactor (MSFR) Negative feedback than the better temperature. Because of the higher fuel loading needed to start a new molten salt fast reactor, improving MSFR’s productivity would help increase 233U production and shorten the fuel doubling time. Firstly, SCALE6.1 was used to analyze the initial proliferation ratio of the radial proliferation salt of MSFR, the newly added axial proliferation salt and the newly added graphite reflective layer. The reasons for the change of proliferation ratio and the reason of MSFR The design is insufficient and optimized; then the fuel consumption analysis is carried out by using Molten Salt Reactor Reprocessing Sequence (MSR-RS) based on SCALE6.1. The results show that the addition of axial proliferation of salt can further improve the proliferation of performance; new graphite reflector can save the proliferation of salt loading. In the improved reactor, the growth ratio can be maintained above 1.1, the output of 233U can be increased to 133 kg, the doubling time can be shortened to 36 a, and the core can maintain enough temperature negative feedback during the whole operation life.