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目的了解大学生就业压力对自杀态度、自杀意念的影响情况。方法采用自杀态度问卷(QSA)和自编就业压力问卷对703名大学生进行问卷调查。结果有470名(72.1%)大学生感受到了轻度以上就业压力,平均分为(2.26±1.42)分;大学生中有自杀意念者81人(12.4%);大学生对自杀行为性质的认识、自杀者的态度、自杀者家属的态度、安乐死的态度平均分分别为(3.34±0.55)、(2.54±0.51)、(2.37±0.49)、(2.76±0.74)分;年级、专业、户籍、父亲职业、家庭收入、对大学生就业压力有影响(P<0.05);就业压力影响对安乐死的态度(β=-0.10,P<0.05);对自杀行为的认识、对安乐死的态度是自杀意念的保护因素(β=-0.904、-0.412,P<0.01或P<0.05);而就业压力是自杀意念的危险因素(β=0.265,P<0.01)。结论就业压力对自杀态度有影响作用,但不是主要影响因素;就业压力与自杀态度可以预测自杀意念。
Objective To understand the impact of employment pressure on suicidal attitudes and suicidal ideation of college students. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 703 undergraduates by using the attitude of suicide attitude questionnaire (QSA) and self-employed stress questionnaire. As a result, 470 (72.1%) college students felt mild employment pressure, with an average of (2.26 ± 1.42) points; 81 students (12.4%) had suicidal ideation among college students; college students’ understanding of the nature of suicide; (3.34 ± 0.55), (2.54 ± 0.51), (2.37 ± 0.49) and (2.76 ± 0.74) points, respectively; grade, major, household registration, father’s occupation, Family income had an impact on employment pressure of college students (P <0.05); employment stress affected euthanasia (β = -0.10, P <0.05); awareness of suicide behavior and euthanasia were the protective factors of suicidal ideation β = -0.904, -0.412, P <0.01 or P <0.05), while employment pressure was a risk factor for suicidal ideation (β = 0.265, P <0.01). Conclusion The employment pressure has an impact on the attitude of suicide, but it is not the main factor. Employment pressure and suicide attitude can predict suicidal ideation.