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炉缸内铁水流动产生的剪应力对炉缸内衬的侵蚀有重要影响。为此,以流体力学有关理论为基础,建立了炉缸炉底三维流体数学模型,应用CFX软件,研究了不同时期的炉缸剪应力的变化;由于铁水环流对炉缸的侧壁以及炉缸侧壁与炉底交界部位的冲刷作用较强,因此在炉缸侧壁和炉底位置修砌一道环形档坝,观察其对炉底剪应力的影响。结果表明,炉底出铁口近端受到的剪应力较大,而在出铁口远端炉底剪切应力最小;炉底剪应力随着死铁层深度的增大而减小;增加档坝可以有效地减轻炉底受到的剪应力,炉底剪应力越大,增加档坝后减轻的炉底受到的剪应力值越大。
The shear stress caused by the flow of molten iron in the hearth has an important influence on the erosion of the hearth lining. Therefore, based on the theory of fluid mechanics, a three-dimensional fluid mathematical model of hearth bottom was established. The CFX software was used to study the changes of shear stresses of hearth in different periods. Because of the influence of molten iron circulation on the sidewall of hearth, The scouring effect between the sidewall and the bottom of the furnace is strong. Therefore, a circular arch dam is built on the side of the hearth and the bottom of the furnace, and the influence on the shear stress of the furnace bottom is observed. The results show that the shear stress near the bottom of the taphole is the lowest, while the shear stress at the bottom of the taphole is the lowest. The shear stress decreases with the increase of the depth of the dross. The dam can effectively reduce the shear stress on the hearth. The larger the shear stress of the hearth, the greater the shear stress on the hearth after the dam is lightened.