我国的训诂之学,开始得很早,一般都要上推到西汉初的毛氏《诗诂训传》。到了西汉后期,又出现了训诂的专著《尔雅》。毛公作训诂,已开始注意到文字的假借。到了东汉,郑玄笺《诗》注《礼》,尤其重视文字的假借,甚至说:某字当为某字。这些大多即是以音求训。郑玄的弟子孙炎注《尔雅》,就广泛地应用“反切”来注音。后来郭璞继之,也为《尔雅》作了音训。反切便是音韵的萌芽。可见字音和训诂的关系,一向受到学者们的重视。可惜当时的学者还没有专门研究音韵的,更没有归结出以音求训的理论来。 隋朝陆法言的《切韵》出来,是音韵学上的一件大事。唐朝许多学者继承了它作了好些研究,也改编了好些韵书,直到北宋的《广韵》为止。但是当时人主要是用它来作诗文,很少人作什么研究。宋代最盛行的是义理之学。注意到音韵训诂的人很少,更说不上有什么大贡献。直到清初从顾炎武开始,才研究古音,接着,音韵训诂之学便开展起来,当时号称为“汉学”。到乾隆、嘉庆之世,汉学大盛,著名学者有江永、戴震、钱大昕、孔广森、段玉裁、王念孙、江有诰诸公出来,才达到了高峰。 The doctrine of exertion in our country began very early, and generally it had to be pushed to Mao’s poetic training in early Western Han Dynasty. In the late Western Han Dynasty, there appeared a monograph “Er Ya”. Mao Gongzuo Xianyu, has begun to take note of the text of the fake. To the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zheng Xuan 笺 “Poem” Note “ceremony”, with particular emphasis on the text of the underworld, and even said: When a word as a word. Most of these are tone training. Zheng Xuan’s disciple Sun Yan note “Eya”, widely used “anti-cut” to phonetic. Later, Guo Pu followed, but also for the “Ya” made a tone training. Anti-cut is the sprout of phonology. Shows the relationship between pronunciation and training,, has always been the attention of scholars. Unfortunately, scholars at the time did not study phonology, but did not come up with the theory of tone training. Suiyang Lu Fa Yan’s “cut rhyme” came out, is a phonological major event. Many scholars in the Tang dynasty inherited it and did a lot of research, and adapted some good verses until the Guangyun of the Northern Song Dynasty. But at that time, people mostly used it for poetry and few people made any research. Song is the most popular is the theory of justice. There are very few people who notice the phonological exhortations, let alone what makes a big contribution. It was not until the early Qing Dynasty that Gu Yanwu began to study the ancient sound. Then, the study of phonological exegesis was carried out, at the time it was called “Sinology.” To Qianlong, Jiaqing world, Sinology Sheng, well-known scholar Jiang Yong, Dai Zhen, Qian Daxin, Kong Guangsen, Duan Yucai, Wang Nian-sun, Jiang Youyi all came out before reaching its peak.