以汶川灾区实地考察资料为背景,选择宇宫庙滑坡为参照,制作了模型试验台,在量纲分析的基础上,对主要参数做了相似理论研究,并采用水下爆炸的方式来模拟地震波(近场)进行了大量模型试验。结果表明:基覆边坡在地震力作用下的破坏模式是浅表层张拉而导致表层松散体流坍,且地震加速度随着药量(地震烈度)的增加而呈递增趋势,重力墙、桩板墙等支挡结构对于基覆边坡的作用明显。其结论将为铁路、公路沿线的高陡边坡分析和研究提供一定的依据。 Taking the field investigation data of Wenchuan earthquake as the background and selecting the Yugongmiao landslide as the reference, a model test bed was made. On the basis of the dimensional analysis, a similar theoretical study was made on the main parameters and the underwater explosion method was used to simulate seismic waves (Near Field) conducted a large number of model tests. The results show that the failure mode of the subgrade overlying slope under the action of seismic force is caused by the superficial tension of the superficial layer, which causes the slump of the superficial layer to collapse. The seismic acceleration increases with the increase of the dose (seismic intensity). The gravity wall, Walls and other retaining structures for the role of overburden slope obvious. The conclusion will provide some basis for the analysis and research of high-steep slope along the railway and highway.