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目的:总结儿童慢性无菌性骨髓炎(CNO)的临床特点。方法:收集2014年3月至2020年12月首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院风湿免疫科诊治的8例CNO患儿的临床资料并进行回顾性分析，总结8例患儿的临床特点，并与国外报道的儿童CNO患者进行比较和文献复习。结果:8例患儿，男3例，女5例；发病年龄(7.2±3.2)岁，平均确诊时间25.9个月；常见临床症状为骨痛(7例，87.5%)，关节炎(4例，50.0%)，发热(3例，37.5%)；X线片与CT主要表现为骨质破坏、进行性骨质硬化；磁共振成像(MRI)主要表现为骨髓水肿、骨膜炎、软组织肿胀，增强扫描可见强化；患儿受累骨骼均>1处，7例(87.5%)患儿为双侧病灶；常见部位为胫骨(22.0%)，其次为股骨(17.1%)、下颌骨(9.8%)；8例患儿均行病变部位骨活检，其中4例表现为骨坏死，4例骨纤维化改变，2例骨髓炎改变；骨组织病原学检查均阴性；8例患儿接受非甾类抗炎药单药或联合糖皮质激素、慢作用抗风湿药、双膦酸盐及肿瘤坏死因子ɑ拮抗剂等药物治疗后随访3个月~2年，8例患儿病情均好转，监测炎症指标正常，均无致残致畸和多器官损伤。结论:儿童CNO多于学龄期起病，病程长；以多部位骨痛、关节炎为主要表现；影像学可见多处骨骼受累，以下肢骨最常见；非甾体类抗炎药、糖皮质激素、慢作用抗风湿药、双膦酸盐及肿瘤坏死因子α拮抗剂对CNO有效。“,”Objective:To summarize the clinical features of chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) in children.Methods:Clinical data of 8 CNO patients admitted to the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from March 2014 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical characteristics of 8 children with CNO were summarized and compared with those reported abroad.Results:A total of 8 CNO patients were recruited, involving 3 males and 5 females with the mean age of onset (7.2±3.2)years, and the average diagnosis time 25.9 months, respectively.The common clinical symptoms included bone pain (7 cases, 87.5%), arthritis (4 cases, 50.0%), and fever (3 cases, 37.5%). The main manifestations on X-ray and CT scans were bone destruction and progressive osteosclerosis.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed bone marrow edema, periostitis, soft tissue swelling, and enhancement.All of them had more than one site of bone involvement.Seven patients(87.5%) had bilateral bone involvement, with the most common site of tibia (22.0%), followed by femur (17.1%) and mandible (9.8%). Bone biopsy was performed in 8 patients, and 4 cases showed osteonecrosis, 4 cases showed bone fibrosis and 2 cases showed osteomyelitis.The etiological examination of the bone was negative.Eight children received non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs alone or in combination with glucocorticoids, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), bisphosphonates or tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) antagonists.After treatment, the patients were followed up for 3 months to 2 years.Eight children improved.Their inflammatory indexes were normal, and had no disability, teratology or multiple organ damage.Conclusions:Pediatric CNO is more common in children of school age, with a long course of disease.The main manifestations are multi-site bone pain and arthritis.Imaging studies indicate multiple bone involvement, which is more common at lower extremities.Non-steroids anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoids, DMARDs, bisphosphonates and TNF-α antagonists are effective to CNO.