例1:女,47岁。因反复咳嗽30年伴心慌、喘息10年,水肿2年加重1月入院。无心脏病、风湿热、关节炎病史。体查:体温36.4℃,呼吸26次,血压15/12kPa,端坐呼吸,唇重度紫绀,甲状腺不肿大,颈静脉怒张,桶状胸,叩诊过清音,双肺满布湿罗音,散在哮鸣音,心音低钝,心率126次,律齐,心尖区闻Ⅲ级收缩期吹风性杂音,无舒张期杂音,肺动脉瓣第二音亢进,肝脾扪不满意,腹水征阳性,下肢水肿+++。血红蛋白174g/L。血脂正常。 Example 1: Female, 47 years old. Due to repeated cough for 30 years with palpitation, wheezing for 10 years, edema increased 2-year admission in January. No heart disease, rheumatic fever, arthritis history. Physical examination: body temperature 36.4 ℃, breathing 26 times, blood pressure 15 / 12kPa, sitting and breathing, severe cyanosis of the lips, thyroid enlargement, jugular venous distention, barrel chest, percussion over voiceless, Scattered wheeze, low heart sound blunt, heart rate 126 times, law Qi, apex area of ​​smell systolic murmur hair blowing noise, no diastolic murmur, pulmonary hypertrophy second tone, liver and spleen palpable unsatisfied, positive signs of ascites, lower limbs Edema +++. Hemoglobin 174g / L. Lipids are normal.