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目的 研究骨骺中软骨管与淋巴管的结构和分布 ,并探讨它们之间的关系。方法 8、14、2 2、2 9周死胎和死亡新生儿胫骨近端骨骺 ,用HE、改良的 5 核苷酸酶组化染色方法及透射电镜观察。结果 胎儿 8周时无软骨管出现 ,14周时数目较少 ,2 2周时增多 ,2 9周时最多 ,分支复杂 ,向心性走行 ,呈“枯树枝”样结构 ,末端分支为盲端 ,彼此之间互不吻合。新生儿次级骨化中心已经出现 ,软骨管数目减少 ,生长板内可见交通软骨管。软骨管由软骨膜和交叉韧带附着处长入 ,多由微动脉、微静脉、毛细血管和疏松结缔组织组成 ,1/ 5的软骨管尚含有淋巴管。毛细淋巴管多分布于骺近中心和生长板的静止带 ,由单层内皮细胞构成 ,基底膜缺如 ,无周细胞 ,内皮重叠连接 ,有锚丝同外周的胶原纤维相连。结论 胎儿胫骨近端骨骺中存在淋巴管 ,淋巴管是软骨管的重要组成部分。
Objective To study the structure and distribution of cartilage and lymphatic vessels in epiphyseal epiphyses and to explore the relationship between them. Methods Twenty-eight, 22-week-old, 22-week-old and 22-week-old infants with epiphysis of the proximal tibia of neonates were studied by HE, modified 5-nucleotidase staining and transmission electron microscopy. Results No cartilage appeared at the 8th week in fetus. The number of cartilage appeared at 14 weeks, increased at 22 weeks, reached the maximum at 29 weeks, with complex branches and concentric lines. The “dead branches” Not coincide with each other. Neonatal secondary ossification center has emerged, reducing the number of cartilage, traffic growth within the visible cartilage. Cartilage from the perichondrium and cruciate ligament ingrowth into the Department, mostly by the arteries, veins, capillaries and loose connective tissue composition, 1/5 of the cartilage still contains lymphatic vessels. Capillary lymphatic vessels are located in the epiphysis near the center and the growth plate of the resting zone, by the monolayer of endothelial cells, lack of basement membrane, no pericytes, endothelium overlapping connections, there are anchor filaments connected with the peripheral collagen fibers. Conclusion There are lymphatic vessels in the proximal epiphysis of the fetus, which is an important part of cartilaginous duct.