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目的:探索改良中国学龄儿童听力调查问卷在大规模听力减退流行病学调查中的准确性及可行性。方法:依照WHO方案,用按容量比例概率抽样方法对江苏省40个调查点8412人进行耳科疾病和听力减退调查,87.9%(7岁以上)被查人群有完整问卷资料,同时进行金标准测试(纯音测听)作为参照。结果:问卷得到听力减退的患病率为12.9%,与金标准测试结果相比,灵敏度为58.5%,特异度为96.7%,阳性预测值为78.9%,阴性预测值为91.7%,符合率为90.0%,问卷对女性灵敏度高于男性。结论:作为大规模听力筛查的方法,中国学龄儿童听力调查问卷的特异度高,灵敏度尚需提高。
Objective: To explore the accuracy and feasibility of improving the Hearing Questionnaire of Chinese School Children in the epidemiological investigation of large-scale hearing loss. Methods: According to the WHO protocol, 8412 persons from 40 investigation points in Jiangsu Province were surveyed by using the method of probabilistic proportionality probability, and 87.9% (over 7 years old) of the surveyed people were asked to complete the questionnaire and the gold standard Test (pure tone audiometry) as a reference. Results: The prevalence of hearing loss in the questionnaire was 12.9%. Compared with the gold standard test results, the sensitivity was 58.5%, the specificity was 96.7%, the positive predictive value was 78.9%, the negative predictive value was 91.7%, the coincidence rate was 90.0%. The questionnaire is more sensitive to women than men. CONCLUSIONS: As a method of large-scale audiological screening, the Hearing Test Questionnaire for Chinese School-age Children has high specificity and sensitivity.