论文部分内容阅读
清末民初 ,陕甘宁边区的传统手工业得到了较好的发展 ,但到 30年代前期开始衰落 ,红军在执行工商业政策上的失误是造成传统手工业衰落的原因之一。抗日战争时期 ,手工业是边区自救性生产的主要组成部分。在手工业的增长中 ,政府政策和政治动员起了关键性的作用。边区手工业的经营方式 ,是在传统手工业经营方式的基础上形成的多种经营形式并存的一种新的经营体制。这种新体制既包含了传统的形态 ,又吸收了现代企业的经营观念 ,把股份制引入手工业生产的经营和管理。政府权力和民间传统相结合的经营模式 ,成为边区手工业经营中的一个特色。手工业的增长改变了边区乡村原来单一的农业经济结构 ,引发了农业种植结构的变化 ,推动了乡村小城镇和集市贸易的形成以及乡村商业的活跃。
At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, the traditional handicrafts of the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border Region had a good development. However, by the early 1930s, the decline of the Red Army’s implementation of the industrial and commercial policies was one of the reasons for the decline of the traditional handicraft industry. During the Anti-Japanese War, handicraft industry was the main component of self-help production in the border areas. In the growth of handicrafts, government policy and political mobilization played a crucial role. The mode of operation of border handicraft industry is a new type of management system in which a variety of management forms coexist on the basis of the traditional handicraft management mode. This new system not only includes the traditional form, but also absorbs the management concept of the modern enterprise and introduces the shareholding system into the operation and management of handicraft production. The combination of government power and folk tradition has become a feature of the handicraft industry in the border region. The growth of handicrafts has changed the original single agricultural economic structure in the rural areas of the border region, triggered the changes in the structure of agricultural planting, promoted the formation of small towns and marketplaces in rural areas, and the activeness of rural commerce.