60年代的美国在政治繁荣之下隐藏着严重的危机,贫困失业、黑人民权运动频繁、越南战争等问题让国内社会面临着诸多不稳定因素的威胁。为解决社会矛盾,让弱势群体也能够摆脱贫困重压,分享美国经济繁荣成果,约翰逊总统在肯尼迪福利国家建设政策的基础之上提出建设“伟大社会”的改革,推进包括反贫困、保障民权、税制改革、城市环境改善等一系列全方面的社会保障政策。虽然“伟大社会”政策确实将战后福利国家建设浪潮推向最高峰,也在一定程度上改善了贫困人群的生活,但过快的推进速度与过高的财政支出均已超过美国经济发展实际能够承受的范围,加之某些措施不合理、操纵不当,留给后继政府,并令经济学家束手无策的是已被立法确认且不断增长的社会保障支出与无法抑制的通货膨胀。 In the 1960s, the United States concealed a serious crisis under the prosperous politics. The problems such as poverty and unemployment, frequent black civil rights movements and the Vietnam War have exposed domestic societies to many instable threats. In order to solve social conflicts and let the disadvantaged groups get rid of the pressure of poverty and share the fruits of the economic prosperity of the United States, President Johnson proposed the construction of a “great social” reform based on the policy of the Kennedy Welfare National Construction and pushed forward the reform that includes anti-poverty, protection Civil rights, tax reform, improving the urban environment and a series of comprehensive social security policies. Although the “great social” policy does push the tide of postwar Welfare State construction to its peak, it also improves the living conditions of poor people to a certain extent. However, the speed of excessive promotion and excessively high financial expenditure have surpassed the U.S. economy The extent to which development can actually be sustained, together with the irrational and improper manipulation of certain measures, is left to the successor government and left economists at a loss as to the already-recognized and growing social security expenditures and the irreducible inflation that have been legislated.