儿童健康状况如何,是衡量一个国家经济医疗卫生水平的重要指标,关系到国家的前途和人类的未来。儿童在不同年龄阶段对营养成分有不同的特殊要求。在婴幼儿期,婴儿生长发育迅速,而消化机能尚不完善,如果膳食营养不合理,会对儿童健康造成近期及远期影响。学龄期儿童由于运动量显著增大,记忆和思维能力明显提高,要求较高热能、充足的蛋白质及丰富的维生素和矿物质(包括微量元素)来满足体格、智力的发育。如果食品的质和量不够以及饮食、烹调方式的不合理,将引起某些疾病如营养性贫血、消瘦、免疫功能低下、智力发育差、佝偻病等,严重影响儿童健康。目前我国人民生活水平日益提高,食品、营养品种类繁多,但在日常生活中经常会由于饮食结构不合 How a child’s health status is an important indicator of a country’s economic and medical standards is related to the future of the country and the future of mankind. Children have different nutritional requirements at different ages. In infancy, babies grow rapidly and their digestive function is not perfect. If the dietary nutrition is unreasonable, it will have immediate and long-term effects on children’s health. School-age children due to significantly increased physical activity, memory and thinking ability increased significantly, requiring higher heat, adequate protein and rich in vitamins and minerals (including trace elements) to meet the physical and mental development. If the quality and quantity of food is not enough and the unreasonable diet and cooking methods will cause some diseases such as nutritional anemia, weight loss, immunocompromised, poor mental development, rickets and so on, seriously affecting children’s health. At present, the standard of living of our people is increasing day by day, with a wide variety of food and nutrition products. However, in daily life, the dietary structure often does not match