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所有权与经营权分离在大型企业中,尤其是在金融业和国有企业中,已经成为一种普遍现象,但是马克思讲的资本与劳动的关系和马克思的剩余价值学说所揭示的财产分配方式并没有发生根本性的改变。资本在完全被别人控制的情况却依然在衍习传统的“资本得到利润、劳动得到工资”这样一种分配方式,这就不可能不出现问题。如果马克思的这个分析框架依然有效的话,那么,我们就不能不重视和改变我们现在依然流行的传统分配方式。正如恩格斯所说,“生产力归国家所有不是冲突的解决,但是它包含着解决冲突的形式上的手段,解决冲突的线索。”本文在这里正是要提出这样一种解决问题的线索。
The separation of ownership and management rights has become a common phenomenon in large enterprises, especially in the financial and state-owned enterprises. However, the relationship between capital and labor and Marx’s theory of surplus value disclosed by Marx does not mean A fundamental change has taken place. When capital is completely controlled by others, it is still possible to learn from the traditional “distribution of capital for profits and wages for work,” which is not without problems. If Marx’s analytical framework is still valid, then we can not fail to emphasize and change the traditional distribution that we are still prevalent. As Engels put it, “Productivity belongs to the state as a whole not as a solution to conflicts, but it contains the formal means of resolving conflicts and the clues to resolving the conflicts.” This article is just a clue to such a solution.