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空气间隙的负极性操作冲击放电特性受电极布置方式的影响.为了深入研究导线布置方式对棒-线间隙负极性冲击放电特性的影响,采用80/2500μs、20/2500μs负极性操作冲击电压波放电1000多次,试验研究了导线半径、高度和接地方式对棒-线间隙50％负极性操作冲击放电电压的影响以及导线接地方式对棒-输电线路组合间隙负极性操作冲击放电特性的影响.试验结果显示:棒-线间隙50％放电电压随着导线半径的增大而减小,棒-不接地线间隙比棒-接地线间隙的50％放电电压高;悬浮导线的感应电压随着间隙距离d增大先增大后减小;线接地方式不影响0.8m棒-线间隙流注放电过程,但影响棒-输电线路组合间隙放电路径的概率分布,对组合间隙放电电压和放电时间无影响.该研究工作可为电力系统外绝缘及线路防雷设计提供参考.“,”The negative breakdown characteristics of rod-conductor air gaps can be influenced by electrode arrangement.Therefore,experiments have been conducted in detail to study the effect of different conductor arrangements.Negative switching impulses of 80/2500as and 20/2500μts were applied for over 1000 times in experiments.Comparisons were done for different conductor radii and heights and their grounding ways.Test results show that 50％ negative breakdown voltages of rod-conductor gaps decreased with increasing conductor radius.The 50％ breakdown voltages of rod-ungrounded conductor gaps were higher than that of rod-grounded conductor gaps.The induced voltage on ungrounded conductors increased firstly with increasing gap distance,and then decreased.The conductor grounding way had little effect on the streamer discharge process,but showed significant influence on the probability of discharge paths in rod-transmission line model gaps.The grounding way of simulated transmission lines had little effects on 50％ breakdown voltages and breakdown time of the complicated gaps.The research conducted in this paper can provided reference for insulation and lightning protection designation in power system.