缺血缺氧性脑损伤是一种多因素参与的病理过程,其中炎症细胞和炎症分子起了关键作用。作为一种可以调节多种炎症分子转录的转录因子,核因子κB已经成为近期研究的热点。本文着重综述了缺血缺氧引起的海马区神经元死亡,缺血/再灌注损伤,半暗区神经元损伤及神经细胞凋亡机制与核因子κB之间的关系。 Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage is a multi-factor involved in the pathological process, in which inflammatory cells and inflammatory molecules play a key role. As a transcription factor that can regulate the transcription of a variety of inflammatory molecules, nuclear factor κB has become a hot topic recently. This review focuses on the relationship between neuronal death, ischemia / reperfusion injury, neuronal damage in penumbra and neuronal apoptosis induced by hypoxia and hypoxia in the hippocampus and nuclear factor κB.