五四时期中西文化激烈冲突的环境,成为了催生中国比较文学最适合的土壤。因为,当时所有参与到文学运动中的人讨论和思考中国问题时,自然而然地与西洋的问题进行比较,或者直接使用西方的标准衡量中国的现象。新文学基本上是在借鉴和引用西洋文学的过程中诞生的。但是,新文化运动者研究西方文化和文学的目的,在于用西洋的民主和道德观念来改造中国的文化和文学。这跟晚清以来中国追求现 The environment of fierce conflict between Chinese and Western cultures during the May 4th Movement has become the most suitable soil for generating comparative literature in China. Because when all the people involved in the literary movement discussed and thought about China’s issue, they naturally compared with the problems of the West or directly used the Western standards to measure the Chinese phenomenon. The new literature is basically born in the process of borrowing and citing Western literature. However, the purpose of the New Culture Movement’s study of Western culture and literature lies in the transformation of Chinese culture and literature with Western ideas of democracy and morality. This is the pursuit of the present since late Qing China