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【Abstract】With the acceleration of urbanization and motorization， as well as the enhancement of population， urban traffic congestion has become more serious and had an influence on people’s normal life. The author thinks it exists imbalance between the supply and demand of urban transport， and unreasonable traffic route planning and transportation management also aggravate traffic jam. This paper mainly explores the major causes and harms of traffic jam， and proposes some suggestions to alleviate traffic congestion and establish a harmonious relationship between residents and transport.
【Key words】traffic congestion； green transportation； urban development
I. Introduction
Transportation has become an important part in economic and social activities of our country， and it is one of the significant elements in the modern social acceleration. In recent years， with the rapid development of urbanization in China， the increasing of population， the enhancement of private vehicles， and the irrationality of urban traffic route planning， traffic congestion problems are very prominent， which cause a great number of social problems. In some big cities， the average speed of motor vehicles has dropped to 12 kilometers while it is only 8 to 10 kilometers in the center of cities， generally speaking， the average speed of an ordinary bicycle is about 15 kilometers an hour. It is worth considering that cars are not as fast as bicycles， which seriously arouses the convenience of people （Huan， 2007）. As a consequence， it is necessary to take effective and comprehensive measures to alleviate and relieve urban traffic jam and improve people’s lives quality. In the face of the severe situation， the government should increasingly develop public transportation and green transportation， and enhance the usage of subway， bus， bicycle， and so on.
II. The causes of urban traffic congestion
1. The contradiction between the supply and demand of transportation
With the booming of economy and intensification of urbanization， the vehicles increase in an extremely rapid speed as well. Above all， the urban transportation construction and development lag behind the increasing of private vehicles and trucks， which cause serious traffic congestion. According to statistics， China’s motor vehicle drivers are about 270 million and the number of cars is about 127 million at the end of 2013 （Wu etal.， 2015）. At the same time， from the current situation of urban public transportation， the investment of pubic transportation is very insufficient， public transport infrastructure construction is backward， the proportion of buses and bicycles is still low， and the dominant position of public transportation is not established.At the end of 2009， the population of 122 and 41 cities in China is deliberately more than one million and two million while the total length of city rail transit operation line is about 1000 km， which is lower than that of Paris （1500 km） （Guo， Liu，
【Key words】traffic congestion； green transportation； urban development
I. Introduction
Transportation has become an important part in economic and social activities of our country， and it is one of the significant elements in the modern social acceleration. In recent years， with the rapid development of urbanization in China， the increasing of population， the enhancement of private vehicles， and the irrationality of urban traffic route planning， traffic congestion problems are very prominent， which cause a great number of social problems. In some big cities， the average speed of motor vehicles has dropped to 12 kilometers while it is only 8 to 10 kilometers in the center of cities， generally speaking， the average speed of an ordinary bicycle is about 15 kilometers an hour. It is worth considering that cars are not as fast as bicycles， which seriously arouses the convenience of people （Huan， 2007）. As a consequence， it is necessary to take effective and comprehensive measures to alleviate and relieve urban traffic jam and improve people’s lives quality. In the face of the severe situation， the government should increasingly develop public transportation and green transportation， and enhance the usage of subway， bus， bicycle， and so on.
II. The causes of urban traffic congestion
1. The contradiction between the supply and demand of transportation
With the booming of economy and intensification of urbanization， the vehicles increase in an extremely rapid speed as well. Above all， the urban transportation construction and development lag behind the increasing of private vehicles and trucks， which cause serious traffic congestion. According to statistics， China’s motor vehicle drivers are about 270 million and the number of cars is about 127 million at the end of 2013 （Wu etal.， 2015）. At the same time， from the current situation of urban public transportation， the investment of pubic transportation is very insufficient， public transport infrastructure construction is backward， the proportion of buses and bicycles is still low， and the dominant position of public transportation is not established.At the end of 2009， the population of 122 and 41 cities in China is deliberately more than one million and two million while the total length of city rail transit operation line is about 1000 km， which is lower than that of Paris （1500 km） （Guo， Liu，