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骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSCs）的基础研究和临床应用广泛，BMSCs具有良好的成骨分化潜能，同时具有多向分化的能力，可向脂肪、骨、软骨细胞分化。 BMSCs在合适的生长因子作用下可以快速地向成骨细胞分化和增殖，并且具有容易取材、容易分离、容易扩增、多谱系转化而不发生明显免疫排斥反应等优点，在骨组织工程领域拥有广泛的应用价值。但是，随着使用增多，存在的问题也日益突出，如生物学特性、分离鉴定、诱导分化和临床应用进展等问题还有待进一步解决。“,”Basic research and clinical application of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) are extensive.BMSCs have good potential of differentiating into osteoblasts,and multipotential of differentiation ability,that they can differentiate into bone,cartilage,and adipose tissues.BMSCs can rapidly differentiate into osteoblasts and proliferate under suitable induction of growth factors.Moreover,BMSCs is easy to obtain, separate,expand,and transform of multi-spectrum without apparent immune rejection.BMSCs are the most commonly used cell sources for bone tissue engineering.However,as the application of BMSCs expands,prob-lems such as biological characteristics,isolation and identification,induced differentiation,and clinical appli-cability of BMSCs are increasing and need further investigation .