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石灰广泛用于建筑、农田、水利、公路等。由于这行业的大量需要,小石灰窑遍布南方各乡、村,从业人员众多。因此,以手工生产方式为主的石灰窑,其生产的主要原料是石灰石,煤和杂柴为燃料。原料在爆破、装窑、出灰、运输等过程中,均有大量的粉尘产生,由于石灰窑设备简陋,条件差,缺乏防护措施,致使大量粉尘在作业环境中飞扬。经对作业场所测定,粉尘浓度最高为665.0mg/m~3,超过国家卫生标准65.5倍,低者37.0mg/m~3。窑工长期在这种环境下劳动,吸入大量粉尘有可能导致尘肺病,据调查一个石灰窑,对46名粉尘作业工人摄 X 线胸片检查,诊断可疑尘肺6例,检出率为
Lime is widely used in construction, farmland, water conservancy, roads and so on. Due to the large number of needs in this industry, small lime kilns are found in many towns and villages in the South, and employers are numerous. Therefore, the limestone kiln mainly based on manual production mode is mainly produced with limestone, coal and miscellaneous wood as fuel. Raw materials in the blasting, loading kiln, ash, transportation and other processes, there are a lot of dust, lime kiln equipment as simple, poor conditions, the lack of protective measures, resulting in a large number of dust flying in the operating environment. After the operation site determination, the highest dust concentration of 665.0mg / m ~ 3, 65.5 times the national health standards, the lower 37.0mg / m ~ 3. According to the investigation of a lime kiln, 46 dust workers were taken X-ray examination, 6 cases of suspected pneumoconiosis were diagnosed, the detection rate was