目的探讨PTEN和p16抑癌基因在胆管癌和胆囊癌组织中的阳性表达及意义。方法用S-P免疫组化法测定PTEN、p16基因蛋白在63例胆管癌及胆囊癌石蜡标本的阳性表达率。结果胆管癌PTEN和p16阳性表达为42.4%和36.3%,低于胆囊癌的43.3%和46.6%(P>0.05);胆囊癌组低分化组p16表达明显低于高、中分化组(P<0.05);PTEN表达与分化程度差异无显著性(P>0.05),结论p16和PTEN基因在胆道恶性肿瘤组织中呈低表达,表明胆道恶性肿瘤的发生及发展有多基因变异或缺失。 Objective To investigate the positive expression and significance of PTEN and p16 tumor suppressor genes in cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder carcinoma. Methods The positive expression rates of PTEN and p16 protein in 63 cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder carcinoma paraffin specimens were determined by S-P immunohistochemistry. Results The positive expression rates of PTEN and p16 in cholangiocarcinoma were 42.4% and 36.3%, lower than 43.3% and 46.6% respectively in gallbladder carcinoma (P> 0.05). The expression of p16 in poorly differentiated gallbladder carcinoma was significantly lower than that in high and moderate differentiated carcinoma (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression and differentiation between PTEN and PTEN (P> 0.05). Conclusion The expression of p16 and PTEN was low in biliary malignant tumors, which indicated that multiple mutations and deletions were found in the occurrence and development of biliary malignant tumors.