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自四十年代中期有机化学杀虫剂大量施用以来,出现了两个严重的问题:即农药的残留和害虫对农药的抗药性。由于抗药性的发展,农药的施用次数和施用量随之增加,使得农药的残留问题更加严重。目前,全世界已产生抗药性的农林、畜牧、卫生等害虫达220余种。各种类型的杀虫剂无论是有机氯、有机磷或氨基甲酸酯,都存在昆虫的抗药问题。联合国粮农组织(FAO)和卫生组织(WHO)对这一问题颇为注意,已建立了研究网统一测定方法,交流研究情况,商讨对策。
Since the widespread use of organic chemical pesticides in the mid-1940s, two serious problems have emerged: pesticide residues and pest resistance to pesticides. Due to the development of drug resistance, the pesticide application frequency and application rate increase, making the problem of pesticide residues more serious. At present, there are over 220 species of pests such as agriculture and forestry, animal husbandry and health that have emerged in the world. Various types of insecticides, whether organochlorine, organophosphorus or carbamate, have insect resistance problems. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) have paid close attention to this issue. They have established a unified methodology for research networks, exchanged research and discussed countermeasures.