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[目的]探讨长期接触汽油的机动车驾驶员体内铅含量,提出预防四乙基铅职业危害的建议。[方法]收集757名机动车驾驶员体检中的尿铅结果进行分析,尿铅检验应用双硫腙比色法。[结果]随着接触驾驶工作的时间越长,尿铅的检出率越高,说明驾驶员的工龄与尿铅有关,经统计分析,工龄10a以下和10a以上尿铅检出率,二者差异非常显著(x~2=10.98,P<0.01)。[结论]提醒人们不可忽略汽油中四乙基铅对驾驶员的职业危害。并建议加强技术革新,改有铅汽油为无铅汽油,加强驾驶员的个人防护,预防四乙基铅的职业危害。
[Objective] To explore the lead content of motor vehicle drivers exposed to gasoline for a long time and put forward the suggestion of preventing occupational hazards of tetraethyl lead. [Method] The urinary lead results from 757 motor vehicle drivers were collected and analyzed by dithizone colorimetry. [Results] With the longer contact with driving, the higher the detection rate of urinary lead, indicating that the driver’s length of service is related to urinary lead. According to statistical analysis, the detection rate of urinary lead below 10 years and above 10a, both The difference was significant (x ~ 2 = 10.98, P <0.01). [Conclusion] This paper reminds people not to neglect the occupational hazards of tetraethyl lead in gasoline to drivers. And suggested strengthening technological innovation, change the lead-gasoline as unleaded petrol, strengthen the personal protection of pilots, and prevent the occupational hazards of tetraethyl lead.