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理论上量子算法可高效破解基于整数分解类和离散对数类等经典数论假设的密码体制;近年来量子计算机的研制进展迅速,使经典公钥密码面临现实威胁.因此,设计后量子密码系统是当前密码学研究以及标准制定中的重要课题.其中以后量子密钥交换协议的需求最为迫切,因此成为近年来的热点研究方向.本文主要关注基于格上的计算困难问题,LWE,环LWE和模LWE设计的后量子密钥交换协议,尤其是最基础的无认证密钥交换协议,包括BCNS15,NewHope/NewHope-Simple,Prodo,Kyber.KE等.本文将介绍这些协议中的关键技术,参数选取,以及通信量,计算效率和安全性等指标.
In theory, the quantum algorithm can effectively crack the cryptosystem based on the assumption of classical number theory such as integer decomposition class and discrete logarithm class. In recent years, the development of quantum computer has progressed rapidly, which makes the classical public-key cryptography a real threat.Therefore, the designed quantum cryptosystem The current cryptography research and the standard formulation important topic.Among them, the demand of quantum key exchange protocol is the most urgent, so it has become a hot research direction in recent years.This paper mainly focuses on computational difficulties based on lattice, LWE, loop LWE and modulus LWE-designed post-quantum key exchange protocol, especially the most basic authentication-free key exchange protocol, including BCNS15, NewHope / NewHope-Simple, Prodo, Kyber.KE, etc. This article describes the key technologies in these protocols, parameter selection , As well as traffic, computing efficiency and security and other indicators.