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本文结合古地图资料和笔者在长白山地区进行踏查时发现的土堆遗迹,探讨了康熙五十一年(1712年)穆克登确定的图们江上流边界的走向。指出从立碑处(天池东南十余里)开始到图们江发源地之间的堆标分为两部分:一是设置于黑石沟东南岸的土石堆,方向为东北向,长五十余里,此沟被指定为图们江“断流处”;二是从黑石沟的土堆尽处到红土水(赤峰水源)之间的木栅和土墩,方向为东南向,长四十余里,中间五六里是土墩。笔者在实地踏查时,发现了黑石沟的土堆和木栅中间的五六里的土墩。在其后的历史时期,由于连接图们江源的木栅尽朽,使图们江上流边界变得模糊不清,从而影响了干流边界线。1880年朝鲜人大规模越境开垦图们汪以北地区以后,这一问题凸显出来。
Based on the data of the ancient map and the mound relics discovered by the author during the investigation in Changbai Mountain area, this paper discusses the trend of the upper boundary of the Tumen River ascertained by Muke Deng in the 51st year of Kangxi (1712). Pointed out that from the erection of the monument (ten miles southeast of Tianchi) began to Tumen River between the source of heap is divided into two parts: First, set in the southeastern Blackpool ditch earth and rock, the direction of the northeast to more than fifty , This ditch is designated as the Tumen River “cut off place ”; second, from the mound of Heishigou to the treetops and mounds between the lateritic water (Chifeng water source), the direction is southeast and long Forty years, the middle fifty-six mile is the mound. When I searched on the spot, I found the mounds of Blackrock ditch and fifty-six miles in the middle of the palisade. In subsequent historical periods, the upper boundary of the Tumen River became obscured by the mutilation of the ravines connecting the Tumen River, thus affecting the boundary of the mainstream. After the large-scale cross-border evacuation of Koreans in 1880 to the north of Tumen-wang, the issue was highlighted.