1989年11月21日,开封市南郊乡发生一起52例误食亚硝酸盐化学性食物中毒事故,现报告如下。(一)流行病学及临床医学调查经查冉某在某工地捡到约15kg白色结晶物,尝有咸味,误为食盐。用其约200g和加水500ml腌制辣椒2kg,1周后与妻食用约30g,无不良反应。11月21日冉某又将该“盐”用于婚宴炒菜中,人均食量在0.5g以上,最多达4g,中毒轻重与食量呈正相关。参加婚宴54人,发病52例,死亡1例;年龄3～72岁,青壮年居多;对性别无选择性;潜伏期10min～2h,多于30min后发病,并于病后约20min住院。主要中毒症状及体征:多数初为头胀痛,继而恶心、呕吐、呼吸心跳加快、四肢麻木;严重者晕厥、抽搐、思维混乱、昏迷乃至呼吸、循环衰竭;血压偏低,全身皮肤及粘膜呈蓝灰或蓝褐色,尤以嘴唇、指甲处明显。确诊后,我们采用了1%亚甲蓝2～10ml稀释于25%葡萄糖10～40ml缓慢静注,视情重复用药;有选择的进行催吐、导泻、输氧、镇静止痉、纠酸纠衰、利尿预 November 21, 1989, Kaifeng City, southern suburbs of a 52 cases of eating chemical poisoning nitrite poisoning, are as follows. (I) Epidemiology and Clinical Investigation Investigated by Ran Ranmou, about 15kg of white crystalline substance was found in a construction site, which tasted salty and mistaken for salt. With its about 200g and add water 500ml pickled peppers 2kg, 1 week after eating with his wife about 30g, no adverse reactions. November 21 Ran again the “salt” for wedding cooking, the per capita consumption of 0.5g above, up to 4g, poisoning severity and food intake was positively correlated. Participate in the wedding 54 people, the incidence of 52 cases, 1 death; aged 3 to 72 years, mostly young and middle-aged; selective sex; incubation period of 10min ~ 2h, more than 30min after onset, and about 20min after hospitalization. The main symptoms and signs of poisoning: the majority of early headache pain, and then nausea, vomiting, rapid heartbeat, limb numbness; severe syncope, convulsions, confusion, coma and even breathing, circulatory failure; low blood pressure, body skin and mucous membranes Blue-gray or blue-brown, especially lips, nails at obvious. After the diagnosis, we used 1% methylene blue 2 ~ 10ml diluted in 25% glucose 10 ~ 40ml slow intravenous injection, depending on the circumstances repeated medication; selective for vomiting, cathartic, oxygen, sedative and antispasmodic Pre-diuretic