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为了研究柴达木盆地北缘(柴北缘)原油裂解及其相态演化历史,应用黄金管封闭体系高压釜模拟实验,对柴北缘马北106井古近系储层中原油进行了热模拟生气实验。通过对各演化阶段的流体组分精确定量,建立了原油裂解过程中的相态演化模型,同时根据化学动力学原理,计算获取了原油裂解成气的动力学参数。以此为基础,对柴北缘伊北生烃凹陷的原油裂解和相态演化史进行了重建。研究表明,独立相原油地下保存温度上限受到热演化程度和地层温度、压力的双重控制。原油裂解过程中的流体临界压力表现出明显的“稳定”(Easy%RO<1.08%)、“升高”(1.08%2.05%)3个阶段变化特征。柴北缘伊北生烃凹陷原油裂解从距今约20Ma开始,现已基本完全裂解,其流体相态在N~2_2—Q_(1+2)期间由液相转变为气相,油气运移过程中在埋深浅于1 500m时发生气液分异,伊北凹陷及其周缘勘探方向为深部找气、浅部找油,中心找气、周缘找油。
In order to study the history of crude oil cracking and its phase evolution in the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin (Qaidam Basin), a simulation experiment was carried out in a closed tube system of gold tube to simulate the crude oil in the Paleogene reservoir of Well 106 in the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin. experiment. Through precise quantification of the fluid components in each evolution stage, the phase evolution model of the crude oil during cracking was established. At the same time, the kinetic parameters for the cracking of crude oil into gas were calculated according to the principles of chemical kinetics. Based on this, the reconstruction of crude oil cracking and phase evolution history in North North China hydrocarbon generating depression was carried out. The research shows that the upper temperature limit of underground preservation of independent phase crude oil is controlled by both thermal evolution and formation temperature and pressure. The critical pressure of the fluid during the cracking of crude oil showed a significant “stable” (Easy% RO <1.08%), “higher” (1.08% 2.05%) Three stages of change characteristics. The cracking of crude oil in the northern North China oil-gas generating depression of the northern Qaidam has basically been completely cleaved since about 20Ma ago, and the fluid phase transition from liquid phase to gas phase during N 2_2-Q 1 (1 + 2) The gas-liquid separation occurs when the burying depth is less than 1 500 m. The exploration direction of the Yibei sag and its periphery is deep gas finding, shallow gas finding, central gas finding and peripheral oil finding.