由生物,特别是由微生物带来的危害称为生物危害。一、病原微生物的种类构成生物危害的病原微生物,不仅有痘疮病毒为首的病原性病毒,还有包括立克次氏体和衣原体在内的各种细菌乃至真菌、原虫等对人有广泛致病性的原核及真核生物。此外,还必须注意,即使是对人致病性弱的或几乎看不到致病性的菌株,以及有代谢产物生成的菌株,和废弃的含有大量活菌的液体都会引起环境生态不平衡的危害。二、生物危害的肇事者与受害者在研究室和检验室操作微生物的人常是加害者, The hazards posed by organisms, especially by microorganisms, are called biohazards. First, the types of pathogenic microorganisms constitute a biohazard pathogenic microorganisms, not only the pathogenic virus led by acne virus, as well as various bacteria and fungi including rickettsia and chlamydia, fungi, protozoa and so on have a wide range of people Pathogenic prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In addition, it must also be noted that even strains that are pathogenic to humans, or are barely detectable, and those that produce metabolites, and discarded liquids that contain large quantities of live bacteria can cause environmental imbalances harm. Second, the perpetrators of biological hazards and victims in the laboratory and laboratory operation of micro-organisms are often the victim,