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我国疫苗筹资渠道较为单一,这会影响筹资机制的建立和筹资总量的增加,进而不利于提高预防接种服务质量和覆盖率。这篇文章对社会医疗保险体系、国家卫生体系、自由市场体系和混合卫生保健体系的疫苗筹资机制进行了文献整理。总结了四种卫生保健体系下的疫苗筹资渠道,包括政府税收、社会医疗保险、集体医疗保险、私立医疗保险和使用者付费。并进一步探讨了解决当前我国疫苗领域筹资问题的方法,包括发挥医疗保险的作用和建立梯度补贴。
China’s vaccine financing channels are relatively simple, which will affect the establishment of fund-raising mechanisms and increase the total amount of funds raised, which is not conducive to improving the quality of vaccination services and coverage. This article reviews the funding mechanisms for vaccines in the social health insurance system, the national health system, the free market system and the hybrid health care system. Summarized the vaccine financing channels under the four health care systems, including government taxes, social health insurance, group health insurance, private health insurance and user fees. And further explored ways to solve the current financing problem in the field of vaccines in China, including the role of medical insurance and the establishment of gradient subsidies.