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采用新疆艾比湖湿地保护区的1972年Landsat/MSS、1990年的Landsat/TM、2001年和2006年的Landsat/ETM+遥感数据,利用RS与GIS技术,对研究区的遥感影像进行处理及湿地信息提取。在图像预处理时通过分析Landsat/MSS/TM/ETM+各波段之间相关系数来选择最佳波段;在湿地信息提取技术方面,采用监督分类中的最大似然法进行分类提取湿地信息,并对湿地信息动态变化进行研究。结果表明:在30多年间,研究区湖泊湿地面积经历了迅速缩小、基本稳定、逐步增大3个阶段;1972—2001年沼泽湿地和河流湿地面积持续增加;2001—2006年沼泽湿地面积小幅减少,河流湿地面积保持稳定;1972—2006年人工湿地、绿洲、农业用地面积呈现逐渐增加趋势。
Using Landsat / MSS in 1972, Landsat / TM in 1990, Landsat / ETM + in 2001 and 2006 in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, RS and GIS were used to process the remote sensing images of the study area and wetlands Information extraction. In the process of image preprocessing, the best band was selected by analyzing the correlation coefficient between Landsat / MSS / TM / ETM + bands. In the wetland information extraction technology, the maximum likelihood method in supervised classification was used to extract the wetland information, Wetland information dynamic research. The results showed that in the past 30 years, the wetland area in the study area experienced a rapid decrease, basically stabilized, and gradually increased by three stages. From 1972 to 2001, wetland areas and river wetlands continued to increase. The wetland area decreased slightly in 2001-2006 , And the area of river wetlands remained stable. From 1972 to 2006, the area of constructed wetlands, oases and agricultural land increased gradually.