缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)是新生儿期最常见而又严重的疾病之一,发病率和病死率均较高,存活者常遗留脑功能障碍。HIE主要是指围产期窒息导致的脑缺氧缺血性损伤。认为病因是宫内或出生时窒息、缺氧引起的代谢障碍,细胞损伤以及血管调节机制障碍,脑血流量减少等。病理改变主要是脑水肿,神经元坏死、皮层、底节、间脑、脑干等部位的局灶性坏死,以及脑室周围的白质软化等,90％以上伴有多系统损害,随着新生儿 Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is one of the most common and serious diseases in the neonatal period, with a high morbidity and mortality. The survivors often have brain dysfunction. HIE mainly refers to perinatal asphyxia cerebral hypoxic-ischemic injury. That the cause is intrauterine or birth asphyxia, hypoxia caused by metabolic disorders, cell damage and vascular regulatory mechanisms, such as cerebral blood flow reduction. Pathological changes are mainly cerebral edema, neuronal necrosis, cortical, basal ganglia, brain stem and other parts of the focal necrosis, and periventricular white matter softening, etc., more than 90% accompanied by multiple system damage, with the newborn