人称指示是通过人称代词来标示参与会话或会话中涉及的角色,使这些角色联系起来构成一个基本的会话系统。人称指示现象跟语法学中的人称代词以及会话角色这两个因素有着密不可分的关系,通常情况下,人称指示系统与人称代词及会话角色的关系是“一一对应”的,然而在日常生活会话中,经常出现这三者并不对应的情况,例如用第一人称代词“我们”指示听话人等等。这些情况涉及人称指示现象中,人称代词、会话角色及其会话意图、会话隐涵几方面的关系,我们研究的目的也正是在挖掘这一系列因素之间的关系和构成模式。 Personal instructions are the use of personal pronouns to identify the roles involved in the conversation or conversation, make these roles together to form a basic conversation system. Personification is closely related to personal pronouns and conversational roles in grammar. Usually, the relationship between personal pronoun and personal pronouns and conversational roles is “one-to-one correspondence.” However, In daily conversation, there are often situations in which the three do not correspond, for example, the first person pronoun “we ” indicates the listener and so on. These situations involve the relationship between personal pronouns, conversational roles and their conversational intention, and conversational implicature in the phenomenon of personal instructions. The purpose of our research is also to explore the relationship between these series of factors and constitute the mode.