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目的研究体外过敏原筛查与脉冲振荡肺功能检测在学龄前哮喘儿童中的应用价值。方法 120例学龄前儿童分为哮喘急性发作组(A组,44例),哮喘非急性发作组(B组,41例)和正常对照组(C组,35例)。应用免疫检测分析仪筛查血吸入过敏原、食入过敏原,检测尘螨特异性IgE、血总IgE和血嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白(ECP)。采用脉冲振荡肺功能测定肺功能参数呼吸总阻抗(Zrs)、总呼吸黏性阻力(R5)、中心气道黏性阻力(R20)、周边气道黏性阻力(R5-R20)、周边弹性阻力(X5)和共振频率(Fres)。结果 A、B组吸入过敏原、食入过敏原阳性率、总IgE水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);B组血ECP水平、Zrs、R5、R20、R5-R20、Fres较A组低(P<0.05)。B组Zrs、R5、R5-R20、Fres与血ECP呈正相关(P<0.05),R20与血ECP不相关(P>0.05)。结论检测血过敏原、血ECP、脉冲振荡肺功能有助于了解学龄前哮喘儿童气道炎症变化及气道阻塞情况。
Objective To study the value of in vitro allergen screening and pulsatile pulmonary function testing in preschool asthma children. Methods 120 cases of preschool children were divided into acute attack group (group A, 44 cases), non - acute asthma attack group (group B, 41 cases) and normal control group (group C, 35 cases). Immunoassay analyzers were used to screen blood for allergens, ingestion of allergens and detection of dust mite-specific IgE, total blood IgE, and blood eosinophil cationic protein (ECP). Respiratory impedance (Zrs), total viscous resistance (R5), central airway resistance (R20), peripheral airway resistance (R5-R20), peripheral elastic resistance (X5) and resonant frequency (Fres). Results There was no significant difference in the levels of allergen, allergen ingestion and total IgE levels between groups A and B (P> 0.05). The blood levels of ECP in group B were significantly higher than those in group A, Zrs, R5, R20, R5-R20 and Fres Low (P <0.05). There was a positive correlation between Zrs, R5, R5-R20, Fres and blood ECP in group B (P <0.05), and no correlation between R20 and blood ECP (P> 0.05). Conclusion Detection of blood allergens, blood ECP and pulse oscillation pulmonary function may help to understand the changes of airway inflammation and airway obstruction in preschool children with asthma.