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目的:观察情绪因素对咀嚼肌肌电图和颞下颌关节(temporomandibular joint,TMJ)的影响,探讨情绪应激在颞下颌关节病发病中的作用。方法:90只SD大鼠,随机分为对照组,心理应激组和足部电击组,人为造成情绪刺激的动物模型。分别在0天,1周,3周和5周后进行肌电图检查,并通过扫描点镜观察TMJ的结构变化。结果:无论是实验1周、3周和5周其松弛状态或紧咬时颞肌、咬肌的电位明显高于0天,且两侧无明显差别,同时,情绪刺激组双侧颞肌和咬肌的肌电图静息期较对照组显著延长;情绪应激1周时,大鼠髁突软骨表面的凝胶样物开始出现不完整,剩余的堆积呈纤维条索样,且可见到髁突表面胶原纤维暴露且排列紊乱。3、5周组大鼠髁突表面有宽窄不等、深浅不一的微小裂隙。结论:情绪应激可以对咀嚼肌肌电图和TMJ的结构造成影响,可能是颞下颌关节紊乱病的病因之一。
Objective: To observe the effect of emotional factors on electromyography and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of masticatory muscles and explore the role of emotional stress in the pathogenesis of temporomandibular joint disease. Methods: Ninety Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, psychological stress group and foot shock group. The animals were induced by emotional stimulation. Electromyography was performed on day 0, week 1, week 3, and week 5, and the structural changes of TMJ were observed by scanning microscopy. Results: The potentials of the temporal muscles and masseter muscles were significantly higher than those of 0 days in either the relaxed state or the clenched bite at 1 week, 3 weeks and 5 weeks of the experiment, and there was no significant difference between the two sides. On the other hand, The resting period of EMG of masseter muscle was significantly longer than that of control group. At 1 week of emotional stress, the appearance of gel samples on the surface of condylar cartilage began to appear incomplete, and the remaining accumulation was fibro-cord-like and could be seen Condylar surface collagen fibers are exposed and disordered. In the 3rd and 5th weeks, the condylar surface of the rats had tiny cracks of different widths and shades. Conclusion: Emotional stress may affect the EMG and the structure of TMJ in masticatory muscles, which may be one of the causes of temporomandibular disorder.