对常温地物的波谱测量是遥感技术的重要方面。土壤是地表最常见的地物之一,除裸露的外,它的特性对其上面的植物等有着重要的影响。本文着重研究土壤的发射率和其含水量的关系。典型土壤样品是来自黑龙江省的“三江平原”,有草甸土、泥炭土、棕壤和沙土。在实验室条件制备了各种土壤的不同含水量样品,用辐射方法测量了各样品的表面发射率。对测量结果进行分析处理得到土壤的发射率和表面含水量的关系:ε=a+b(ω-k)~(1/3)式中ε为发射率ω是绝对含水量,a、b、k 是由不同类型土壤确定的常数. Spectral measurement of ambient matter is an important aspect of remote sensing technology. Soil is one of the most common features on the earth’s surface, and its properties have an important influence on the plants above it, except for the bare soil. This paper focuses on the relationship between soil emissivity and water content. Typical soil samples are from the “Sanjiang Plain” in Heilongjiang Province, with meadow soil, peat soil, brown soil and sandy soil. Different soil moisture samples were prepared in laboratory conditions and the surface emissivity of each sample was measured by radiation method. The relationship between the emissivity of the soil and the surface water content is obtained by the analysis of the measured results: ε = a + b (ω-k) ~ (1/3) where ε is the emissivity ω is the absolute water content, a, b, k is a constant determined by different types of soils.