1980年代初来到北京,那时台湾柏杨的书《丑陋的中国人》正在流行,国民自我大检讨,满大街戴着红袖章的人,到处抓随地吐痰的人。将近30年过去,北京的街道,的确比那时干净了一点,但好像随地吐痰和丢垃圾的人依然不少,只是清洁的力度大了些。如果某个角落两天不打扫,还是脏得要命,到处都是痰迹和垃圾。更可怕的是,经常会看到成堆的装修垃圾,随意堆在街上,很明显是哪个装修的工程队不乐意出垃圾费,夜半人静时干的好事。可见,北京的公共卫生,到现在还是没有根本好转。百年前共和初建,刚做上大总统的袁世凯问自己的英文秘书,一个刚从美国哥伦比亚大学毕业的洋学生顾维钧,究竟什么是共和?顾 Came to Beijing in the early 1980s, when Bo Yang, Taiwan’s book “Ugly Chinese” is popular, the national self-criticism, full of people wearing red armbands, spitting everywhere. Nearly 30 years have passed. Beijing’s streets are indeed a little cleaner than then. However, people who spit and throw litter are still quite a few things, but their cleaning efforts are even greater. If a corner is not cleaning for two days, or dirty, terrifying everywhere, and garbage. Even more frightening is that often see piles of renovation garbage, random piled in the street, it is clear that the renovation of the project team is not willing to pay for garbage, half-night when the quiet good thing. Clearly, Beijing’s public health has not been fundamentally improved yet. One hundred years ago the Republic was initially set up. Yuan Shikai, who just became the president, asked his English secretary, Gu Weijun, an overseas student who just graduated from Columbia University. What is a republican?