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目的:提出区分脑实质的标志结构及标准值,为计算机自动定位脑实质提供解剖学指导。方法:对20例正常成人2.5mm的薄层头部CT数据的四叠体池高度进行观测和统计;对152例正常成人(男80例,女72例,20～86岁)头部CT数据脑桥长宽径和内囊后肢倾斜角进行观测、统计和方差分析,并做形态学描述。结果:①四叠体池的最小高度为13.20mm,平均为(15.38±1.27)mm。②脑桥的长宽径分别为:男性(29.98±1.91)mm,(23.92±1.57)mm,女性(28.48±1.74)mm,(23.00±1.60)mm。③长、方、圆三类颅型之间的内囊后肢倾斜角分别为:(36.40±2.48)°、(39.09±2.78)°、(42.64±2.02)°。结论:在层厚10mm的脑部CT上,四叠体池可以作为区分大脑与小脑的标志结构;脑桥周围的脑池、第四脑室及脑桥的径值可定位脑桥及脑干;内囊的低密度影及其后肢倾斜角可区分丘脑和基底节区。
OBJECTIVE: To propose a marker structure and standard values that differentiate brain parenchyma and provide anatomic guidance for the computer to locate brain parenchyma automatically. Methods: Twenty-two normal adult 2.5mm thin-layer CT data were observed and statistically analyzed. CT data of 152 normal adults (80 males, 72 females, 20-86 years old) Length and width of pons and hindlimb angle of internal capsule were observed, statistical and analysis of variance, and morphological description. Results: ① The minimum height of the quadruple pool was 13.20 mm, with an average of (15.38 ± 1.27) mm. The width and width of the pons were 29.98 ± 1.91 mm, 23.92 ± 1.57 mm and 28.48 ± 1.74 mm, 23.00 ± 1.60 mm respectively. ③ The lengthening angles of the posterior limb of the internal capsule between the three types of cranioforms were (36.40 ± 2.48) °, (39.09 ± 2.78) ° and (42.64 ± 2.02) °, respectively. Conclusion: The quadruplex pool can be used as a marker to differentiate the cerebellum from the cerebellum on the 10-mm-thick brain CT. The diameters of the cerebral pools, the fourth ventricle and the pontine around the pons can locate the pons and the brainstem. Low-density shadow and its hind legs tilt angle can distinguish between the thalamus and basal ganglia.