晚清政坛的主要角色之一张之洞,不仅是实绩与李鸿章并肩而立的洋务巨擘,同时是宗旨宏达、新旧杂糅的著作家、思想家,其实践与理论都构成中国近代文化发展序列上的重要环节。一、从清流健将到洋务殿军 Zhang Zhidong, one of the major players in the political arena in the late Qing Dynasty, is not only the foreign tycoon standing side by side with Li Hung-chang, but also the author and thinker of Hongda, old and new, whose practice and theory form the sequence of the development of modern Chinese culture Important part. First, from cleanser to Western Empire Army