70年代初,法国哲学及文艺批评家德里达提出解构主义,其矛头主要指向结构主义。源自语言学的结构主义理论强调事物结构的整体性、确定性、规律性、逻辑性、必然性、绝对性,方法论上有强烈的形式主义倾向,强调静态的共时性研究和永恒不变的法则。结构主义的对立面有阐释学、接受美学、后结构主义和解构主义。它们认为对同一作品每个读者有各自不同的体会和品评,强调本文与读解关系的 In the early 1970s, Derrida, a French philosophical and literary critic, proposed deconstructionism, which was mainly directed at structuralism. Structuralist theory originating from linguistics emphasizes the integrity, certainty, regularity, logic, necessity, and absoluteness of the structure of things. There is a strong tendency toward formalism in methodology, emphasizing static synchronic research and immutable. law. The opposite of structuralism is hermeneutics, acceptance aesthetics, post-structuralism, and deconstructionism. They think that each reader of the same work has its own different experience and taste, emphasizing the relationship between this article and reading.