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本文计算了在热力学平衡和不完全平衡条件下,甲烷部分燃烧的火焰温度及产物组成。计算结果表明,在达到热力学平衡时,得到的产物是以一氧化碳和氢为主要组分的合成气,得不到乙炔,乙炔是反应过程中一个不稳定的中间产物。为了制取乙炔必须采用及时的淬火冶却来控制反应过程。我们根据文献资料和实验结果,对甲烷部分燃烧制乙炔反应的主要过程提出了初步的假设,由此计算了在不完全平衡时不同反应条件对产物气组成的影响。由计算结果和文献上实验数据相符这一事实,说明本文对甲烷部分燃烧制乙炔过程所作的假设是合理的。井且指出,目前生产上得到的乙炔浓度与平衡的计算值已较接近。因此,如仅改变一般的工艺条件,虽仍有可能使乙炔浓度提高,但很难大幅度增长。
In this paper, the flame temperature and product composition of partial combustion of methane under thermodynamic equilibrium and incomplete equilibrium are calculated. The calculated results show that when the thermodynamic equilibrium is reached, the product obtained is the synthesis gas with carbon monoxide and hydrogen as the main components, and no acetylene is obtained. Acetylene is an unstable intermediate during the reaction. In order to obtain acetylene must be quenched and tempered in time to control the reaction process. Based on the literature and experimental results, we propose preliminary hypotheses on the main processes of partial combustion of methane to produce acetylene, and then calculate the effect of different reaction conditions on the product gas composition under incomplete equilibrium. The fact that the calculation results agree with the experimental data in the literature shows that the hypothesis made by the partial combustion of methane to acetylene is reasonable. We also pointed out that the current production of acetylene concentration and the balance of the calculated value is closer. Therefore, if only the general process conditions are changed, it is still possible to increase the concentration of acetylene but it is difficult to increase substantially.