论文部分内容阅读
“经济人”理论是西方主流经济学的理论基石,可概括为自利性、理性最大化以及个人理性与社会理性的内在一致性。长期以来,围绕“斯密矛盾”、理性最大化以及“经济人”行为悖论,西方各学派展开了激烈的争论。新制度经济学派、芝加哥学派、行为经济学派以及公共选择学派等都从不同角度、不同程度地丰富和发展了“经济人”理论。马克思主义经济学坚持辩证唯物主义、历史唯物主义和整体主义的方法论原则,认为人是历史的、现实的或社会的人。马克思主义经济学坚持将作为社会关系的总和的个人作为其理论分析的前提和历史研究的出发点,在历史形成的社会经济结构的整体制约中分析个体经济行为,极具科学性和现实指导意义。
“Economic Man ” theory is the theoretical cornerstone of Western mainstream economics, which can be summarized as self-interest, rational maximization and the internal consistency between individual rationality and social rationality. For a long time, the Western schools started a fierce debate around the Paradox of Smits, the rational maximization, and the paradox of “economic man” behavior. The new institutional economics, the Chicago school, the school of behavioral economics and the school of public choice have all enriched and developed the theory of “economic man” from different angles and to different degrees. Marxist economics insists on the methodological principles of dialectical materialism, historical materialism and holism and considers people as historical, actual or social people. Marxist economics insists on taking the individual who is the sum of social relations as the premise of his theoretical analysis and the starting point of historical research and analyzes the individual economic behavior in the overall restriction of the social and economic structure formed by history, which is very scientific and practical.