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目的分析2010年-2012年上海市松江区手足口病的流行病学特征和主要病原体肠道病毒的基因型别。方法收集从松江区各医疗机构送检的疑似手足口病的样本,采用荧光定量RT-PCR方法对采集的1 207份HFMD进行肠道病毒(Enterovirus,EV)核酸检测;对部分EV71的VP1区进行序列测定和分析,用MEGA软件进行病毒基因特征分析,通过Blast服务器比对进行EV型别鉴定,通过序列比对了解松江区HFMD病毒的基因型别。结果松江区各乡镇均有病例报告,地区分布无显著特点;<5岁的婴幼儿为疾病高发年龄段;5月-7月为发病高峰期,肠道病毒71型(Enterovirus 71,EV71)和柯萨奇A16(Coxsackie Virus 16,CoxA16)为主要病原体,基于VP1区序列分析表明松江区EV71毒株与C4a亚型毒株有最近的亲缘性和最高的同源性。结论 2010年-2012年上海市松江区流行的HFMD主要病原为EV71和CoxA16,其中EV71属于C4a亚型。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Songjiang District, Shanghai from 2010 to 2012 and the genotypes of the major pathogenic enteroviruses. Methods Samples of suspected hand-foot-mouth disease were collected from various medical institutions in Songjiang District. The collected 1 207 HFMD samples were tested for the presence of Enterovirus (EV) by fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR. The sequence of the virus was analyzed by MEGA software. The EV genotype was identified by Blast server alignment. The genotypes of HFMD virus in Songjiang district were analyzed by sequence alignment. Results There were case reports in all towns and villages in Songjiang District, with no significant regional distribution. Infants and young children <5 years of age were the high incidence age of disease; Enterovirus 71 (EV71) was the peak of incidence in May-July, Coxsackie Virus 16 (CoxA16) was the main pathogen. Based on the VP1 region sequence analysis, the EV71 strain and the C4a subtype strain of Songjiang District had the closest relatives and the highest homology. Conclusion The prevalence of HFMD in Songjiang District in Shanghai from 2010 to 2012 is EV71 and CoxA16, of which EV71 belongs to C4a subtype.