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目的评价中国(未包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区)2008年麻疹实验室网络(Measles Laboratory Network,MLN)的运转状况。方法分析全国2008年MLN监测数据库、中国疾病预防控制中心(CDC)病毒病预防控制所国家麻疹实验室(National Measles Laboratory,NML)血清学和病毒学监测数据库,评价中国MLN运转的各项指标。结果①血清学监测:全国2008年1~9月报告共采集麻疹血清学标本107160份,标本采集率为77.93%;采集合格标本并有IgM阳性实验室结果的53778份,实验室确诊率为50.2%。②病毒学监测:2008年18个省(自治区、直辖市,下同)CDC麻疹实验室共送检287株麻疹病毒,经证实全部为麻疹野病毒H1基因型中的H1a亚型;4个省CDC麻疹实验室共送检29株阳性风疹病毒,均为1E基因型。③MLN质量控制:同时作为世界卫生组织(WHO)西太平洋区参比实验室的NML,2008年通过了WHO的职能考核和现场认证;天津、山西、山东、浙江、吉林、广西、湖北7个省(自治区、直辖市)CDC麻疹实验室通过了WHO专家组的实验室现场认证;31个省CDC麻疹实验室通过了由NML组织的血清标本复核和职能考核。结论中国2008年MLN运转良好,为疑似麻疹病例的实验室诊断和麻疹流行的监测提供了良好的技术平台,同时也获得了本土麻疹和风疹流行株,积累了大量中国的麻疹和风疹野病毒基因背景资料,为2012年消除麻疹奠定了良好的实验室基础。
Objective To evaluate the operational status of the 2008 Measles Laboratory Network (MLN) in China (excluding Hong Kong, Macau Special Administrative Region and Taiwan). Methods National serological and virological monitoring database of MLN monitoring database and National Measles Laboratory (CDC) of 2008 National Institute for Virus Disease Prevention and Control were analyzed to evaluate the indexes of MLN operation in China. Results (1) Serological surveillance: A total of 107 160 serological samples were collected from January to September in 2008 in our country. The collection rate of specimens was 77.93%. 53778 samples of IgM positive laboratories were collected and the laboratory diagnosis rate was 50.2 %. ② Virology monitoring: In 2008, 287 measles viruses were sent from CDC measles laboratories in 18 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), all of which were confirmed as H1a subtypes of measles wild virus H1 genotype. Four provincial CDC Measles laboratory sent a total of 29 positive rubella virus, are 1E genotype. ③MLN Quality Control: At the same time as the World Health Organization (WHO) Western Pacific Reference Laboratory NML, 2008 passed the WHO’s functional assessment and site certification; Tianjin, Shanxi, Shandong, Zhejiang, Jilin, Guangxi, Hubei, seven provinces (Autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) CDC Measles Laboratory passed the WHO expert group field laboratory certification; 31 provinces CDC Measles Laboratory passed the NML organized by the serum samples review and functional examination. Conclusion The MLN in China was working well in 2008, which provided a good technical platform for the laboratory diagnosis of measles cases and the surveillance of measles epidemics. Meanwhile, the epidemic strains of measles and rubella were also obtained, and a large number of measles and rubella wild-virus genes were accumulated in China Background information for the elimination of measles in 2012 laid a good laboratory foundation.