2005年7月21日,我国开始实行以市场供求为基础、参考一篮子货币进行调解、有管理的浮动汇率制度。在这将近3年的时间里,人民币对美元表现为单向升值,但是,中国的贸易顺差和贸易额以及外汇储备均不减甚至反而大幅增加。那么,人民币升值对降低我国贸易顺差的作用究竟有多大?本文将初步探讨人民币升值与贸易顺差问题,以及人民币升值对我国进出口贸易的影响。 On July 21, 2005, China began to implement a managed floating exchange rate system based on market supply and demand with reference to a basket of currencies. During this nearly three years, the renminbi has shown a one-way appreciation against the U.S. dollar. However, China’s trade surplus, trade volume, and foreign exchange reserves have not diminished or even risen sharply. So, how much does RMB appreciation play in reducing China’s trade surplus? This article will initially discuss the issue of RMB appreciation and trade surplus, and the impact of RMB appreciation on China’s import and export trade.